Background: Malnutrition contributes to 60% of the 10 million deaths globally that occur every year among children less than five years of age. The Anganwadi (AW) is literally a courtyard play centre. It is a childcare centre, located within the village areas. It is the focal point for the delivery of services at the community level. The Anganwadi Centre (AWC) is the District Head office. The data was collected from the AWC and processed for the prevalence of childhood illnesses up to 5 years of age in 2013. Objectives: The retrospective cross-sectional survey study; was conducted to estimate the prevalence of childhood illnesses in study site, to assess the distribution of nutritional deficiency disorders and to assess the breast feeding status as the prime objectives. Methods: The data had collected at single point of time in December 2013. The data collected was from 24 villages belong to 6 tensile of Anantapur district which had affected by drought. Results: The sample includes only the children with illness. Total numbers of children born from 2009 to 2013 were 1500. A total of 914 children (up to 5 years of age) were reported to have clinical signs of nutritional deficiency. Illness observed were pneumonia, diarrhea, malaria, measles, HIV and other (include nutritional deficiency disorders) diseases. The children mortality rate per year was 3%. Conclusion: This study concludes for the development of nutritional programs, breast milk feeding and educational programs regarding the infectious diseases where there will be higher prevalent infection areas. Conducting the health care programs in the rural areas having higher illness prevalence will have the positive impact on child health.

Objective: Effect of AS-1, a compound isolated from the leaves of Amaranthus spinosus L., was studied on aspirin induced gastric ulcer in albino rats. Method: Gastric ulcer was produced in rats by aspirin and effect of AS-1 was studied. Result: Result showed that the compound could decrease ulcer index in rats induced by aspirin. The compound produced gastric anti secretory effect by decreasing gastric volume and acidity. It further increased gastric mucin which showed gastric cytoprotective effect. Results were comparable to that of ranitidine, a standard anti ulcer drug. Conclusion: AS-1 thus provides a scientific rationale for the use as anti gastric ulcer drug.

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the antiproliferative potential of Citrullus lanatus fruit juice on rapidly proliferating cells. Method: The study was done using rapidly proliferating seeds of Sorghum bicolor. The mean lengths (mm) of radicle emanating from seeds of all the groups were measured after 24, 48 and 72 hours respectively. Results: The growth of the methotrexate treated seeds radicle was retarded significantly (P<0.05) through-out the study. The rate of inhibition was 58.17, 77.64 and 88.81% after 24, 48 and 72 hours respectively. C. lanatus fruit juice doses of 40 and 60% v/v gave a significant (P<0.05) radicle growth inhibition after 48 and 72 hours. At 40% v/v dose inhibition rate was 46.48 and 74.81%, while at 60% v/v dose inhibition was 52.01 and 79.33% respectively. C. lanatus fruit juice dose of 80% v/v showed a significant (P<0.05) inhibition of seeds radicle throughout the study. The inhibition rate was 71.24, 88.69 and 95.32% after 24, 48 and 72 hours. Conclusion: The study has unveiled the antiproliferative potential of C. lanatus fruit juice. We therefore propose that further studies on its antiproliferative effect should be carried-out on animal models.

Objective:Oral sub mucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a pre-malignant lesion of the buccal mucosa .It results in the progressive inability to open the mouth.Objective of this study to check prevalence and risk factors.Method: Cancer of oral cavity and larynx is the most frequently recorded malignancy in males. Adolescents are the most vulnerable population to initiate tobacco use. It is now well established that most of the adult users of tobacco start tobacco use in childhood or adolescence. Tobacco and its related products have flooded the Pakistani market being cheap and convenient and have become popular in young and old illiterate people. They have been identified as a high risk for occurrence of the precancerous lesion (oral sub mucous fibrosis).Results:There has been a rapid increase in trade and use of smokeless tobacco products in recent years in the country; even the advertisement and promotional campaigns by the manufacturers also play an important role in initiation of the habit by adolescents, which is a matter of serious concern to the health planners.Conclusion:Taking into consideration the enormous health complications associated with tobacco use, it is of utmost importance to understand the factors leading to its use and to plan strategies to reduce its intake. Programs should be conducted in schools and public places to make the people awareness regarding its hazards and risks by its use.

Objective: To know anti gastric ulcer effect, if any, of 40 medicinal plants. Method: Gastric ulcer was induced in rats by indomethacin and anti gastric ulcer activity of medicinal plants was evaluated. Result: Nine medicinal plants showed anti gastric ulcer activity under the experimental conditions. Conclusion: Active compounds of these planst may be included in future in the list of anti gastric ulcer drugs.